Will 1mm of Technora/Kevlar be as strong as 8mm of steel? No.
Will a windsurf board with 8mm of steel on the deck float? No.
Will 1mm of Technora/Kevlar be 8 times as strong as 1mm of steel? Yes.
And I'm going to guess that the tests were in tension. (not shear, or compression)
The deck won't be one layer of fibres over a foam core, it's more likely to be a layer of fibres over a dense foam (PVC/divinicel etc), then a layer of fibre again (probably not the expensive stuff though) and then the soft foam core.
Have a look at this:
boardlady.com/sandwich.htmAnd this (which I've linked from the board lady site - it's a JP 'high wind' board)
www.boardlady.com/anatomy.htm