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LooseChange said..
Here is a link to an upstream Hookah regulator....
http://airdive.com.au/products/upstream-demand-valve
Yes, my Airline regulator is an upstream too. I think you'll find that most of the Hookah-specific regulators are upstream.
In a regulator with an upstream demand value, the valve opens against the pressure, i.e., in the opposite direction as the flow of gas, hence "upstream." Such a valve only closes fully when the system is over pressurized, in which case any excess pressure first fills the hose and then gets vented by the overpressure valve on the compressor, i.e., before it ruptures the hose. Conversely, sudden loss of pressure results in the value opening fully. The latter is not dangerous if you ascend to surface while exhaling (standard scuba technique).