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LordRumpunc said..
My understanding is that a longer wing would be more efficient
Actually, the real issue there, whatever the length, is what happens at the tip of a wing or fin (regardless of it, a bigger aspect ratio length/chord is more efficient but stalls sonner so you have to compromise)
Imagine the water coming into the fin at the tip: instead of just flowing along the foil and providing lift by creating a depression by "taking the wide path" around the foil, they have a path of less resistance to just go to the other side of the fin, around the tip, creating the tip vortex which consume energy (creates drag).
So, engineers tried to devise way to prevent the water for going "around the tip"
- winglets is one. But note that theorically the tips of the winglets will be submitted to the same phenomenon, so you should have winglets on winglets, ...
- an elliptic tip, pionneered with the Spitfire
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptical_wing Basically the closer the water is to the tip, the shorter the chord become, so the path for the water to flow around the foil keep being easier (shorter) that the path to go around the tip.
Personally I bought a "spitfire fin" by revolution
www.gongsup.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=32011#p32011 It is very efficient, diving you a fast smooth ride, but turns are a bit tricky as the very vertical outline is quite sentive to the angle of afttack.
I also have Cheyne Horan Star fin, which combines winglets and elliptical tips (actually the wings are big, and I think work more by providing grip even when on the rail rather than a winglet effect), which is very interesting to ride: you get the amazing pivot of a single vertical fin , with more control, even on the rail. But it can be technical to master smooth turns with it, it is easier to whip the board in very tight turns, but it is definitely worth trying, especially with SUP where it helps quite a lot with the row, and do not have the prone surfing drawback of the leash getting tangled in it as we do not have our ankles moving close to the fin.